. the Frankfurt school theorised in the 1920s and 30s that the mass media acted to restrict and control audiences to the benefit of corporate capitalismand government
took their ideas from the German Nazis, propaganda
. The bebo doll experiment. This is a very controversial piece of research that apparently proved that children copy violent behaviour, 1960s
Children are shown a video of a man hitting a doll. Taken to a room full of dolls and they start hitting the dolls
Conducted in 1961 by Albert Bandura- here is what he did
. watched a videa were a man violently attacked a clown toy called the bebo toy
. the children were taken to a room with attractive toys that they were not allowed to touch
. they were led to another room with bobo dolls
.88% of the children imitated the violent behaviour that they had earlier viewed. 8 months later 40% of the children reproduced the same violent behaviour
. conclusion reached was that children will imitate violent media content
- there are many problems with the experiment. What do you think are the flaws with the methodology? Does it indeed prove that children imitate violent media content?
- The effects model (backed up by the bobo doll experiment) is still the dominant theory used by politicians, some parts of the media and some religious organisations in attributing violence to the consumption of media texts
- Key example sited ascauseing or being contributory factors are:
. the film childs play 3 in the murder of James Bulger in 1993
. the game manhunt in the murder of Stefan Pakeerah in 2004 by his friend Warren Leblane
. the film a clockwork orange(1971) in a number of rapes and violent attacks
. the film severance(2006) in the murder if simon Everitt
. In each case there was a media and political outcry for the texts to be banned
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